This theorem of euler is a result in topology a subject which tries to find those properties of geometrical objects that are invariant under continuous deformation a tetrahedron can be changed in this way into a cube.
Topology rubber sheet geometry.
A circle can be stretched into a square with a rubber band but you can t stretch a figure eight into a circle without tearing it.
For example a square can be deformed into a circle without breaking it but a figure 8 cannot.
Such shapes are an object of study in topology.
Topology or rubber sheet geometry topology is a branch of mathematics that deals with the ways in which figures can be distorted by stretching shrinking twisting or bending without changing certain basic properties.
It is sometimes called rubber sheet geometry because the objects can be stretched and contracted like rubber but cannot be broken.
In a topology of two dimensions there is no difference between a circle and a square.
Math 560 introduction to topology what is topology.
An entry level primer on rubber sheet geometry.
Topology is sometimes called rubber sheet geometry.
Topology is the branch of mathematics that deals with surfaces and more general spaces and their properties such as compactness or connectedness that are preserved by continuous functions concepts such as neighborhood compactness connectedness and continuity all involve some notion of closeness of points to sets.
A circle made out of a rubber band can be stretched into a square.
Topology branch of mathematics sometimes referred to as rubber sheet geometry in which two objects are considered equivalent if they can be continuously deformed into one another through such motions in space as bending twisting stretching and shrinking while disallowing tearing apart or gluing together parts.
Rubber sheet geometry topology does not distinguish between a circle and a square but it does between a circle and a figure eight.
Topology has sometimes been called rubber sheet geometry because it does not distinguish between a circle and a square a circle made out of a rubber band can be stretched into a square but does distinguish between a circle and a figure eight you cannot stretch a figure eight into a circle without tearing.
Topology studies properties of spaces that are invariant under any continuous deformation.
Recalling that the topology defines the structure of the space it is the topology that is keeping the sphere together.